Date: Thu, 27 Jul 95 22:05:55 EDT
From: incident@vita.org (Disaster Information Administrator)
To: event@vita.org
Subject: Rwanda: Civil OFDA-06
U.S. AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT
BUREAU FOR HUMANITARIAN RESPONSE
OFFICE OF U.S. FOREIGN DISASTER ASSISTANCE (OFDA)
RWANDA - Civil Strife/Displaced Persons
Situation Report #6 Fiscal Year (FY) 1995 July 24, 1995
Note: The last situation report was dated June 13, 1995. New
information has been underlined.
Overview
On April 6, 1994, President Habyarimana of Rwanda and President
Ntaryamira of Burundi were killed when their plane crashed while
approaching the airport in Kigali, Rwanda's capital. After the crash,
government forces and bands of armed militia known as Interahamwe
immediately launched a campaign of genocide against the Tutsi
minority, moderate Hutus, and others who opposed the Hutu political
extremists. Although the exact death toll may never be known, it is
estimated that as many as 500,000 Rwandans, most of them Tutsi, were
killed between April and July. The international community was absent
during this period, having been evacuated by mid-April. The Rwandan
president's death and the ensuing outbreak of violence ruptured the
fragile Arusha peace accord signed in August 1993 between government
forces and the Tutsi-dominated Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF) and sent
hundreds of thousands of refugees fleeing to neighboring countries.
In July, the RPF drove government forces out of Kigali and from their
stronghold, the northwest, causing an additional 1 million people to
flee into eastern Zaire in less than five days. Refugees arrived in
Zaire without adequate food, water, or shelter. In Goma, Zaire, an
outbreak of cholera claimed the lives of tens of thousands of
refugees, mostly children, before international relief organizations,
assisted by the U.S. military, established potable water systems that
brought the epidemic under control by mid-August. Following the
announcement of a unilateral ceasefire on July 20, 1994, a new
Government of Rwanda (GOR) was installed in Kigali, headed by
President Pasteur Bizimungu, Prime Minister Faustin Twagiramungu, and
Vice President/Minister of Defense Paul Kagame. In August 1994,
additional U.N. Assistance Mission In Rwanda (UNAMIR) peacekeeping
forces were deployed to Rwanda to assist humanitarian operations and
protect the internally displaced persons and civilians at risk.
UNAMIR's mandate was expanded in December 1994 to provide security to
members of the international tribunal, human rights observers, and to
assist in establishing and training a new integrated national police
force. At present there are more than 5,500 UNAMIR personnel in
Rwanda. UNAMIR's current mandate expires on December 9, 1995, by
which time the UNAMIR presence will be reduced to 1,800 troops, 320
military observers as well as additional support staff.
Prior to April 6, Rwanda was the most densely populated country in
Africa. It is the size of the state of Maryland and had a population
of 8.1 million people. The population was comprised of 14% Tutsi, 85%
Hutu, and 1% Twa before the war. Since it gained independence from
Belgium in 1962, Rwanda has been fraught with tragic periods of
politically motivated ethnic violence that has claimed the lives of
thousands of people, however the recent genocide experienced by Rwanda
is unprecedented.
Numbers Affected
As of June 28, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
(UNHCR) reports there are approximately 1.9 million Rwandan refugees
in the following countries: Zaire - 1.1 million; Tanzania - 608,700;
Burundi - 200,000; Uganda - 4,000. These numbers do not reflect the
more than 5.5 million persons inside Rwanda who have been affected by
the violence and its aftermath.
U.S. Government (USG) Assistance to Rwanda
(FY94/95). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $256,163,406
U.S. Government (USG) Assistance benefiting
Rwandan regional crisis (FY94/95). . . . . . . . . . . . . .$326,329,638
TOTAL USG HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO RWANDA/REGION
(FY94/95) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$582,493,044
Current Situation
On July 4, the anniversary of the RPF's capture of Kigali was
celebrated at the National Stadium. On July 6-7, the GOR and members
of the international community met in Kigali as a follow-up to the
January 1995 Geneva Round Table. Out of the $568 million that was
pledged in January, only 16% has been committed. The meeting in Kigali
provided a forum to discuss Rwanda's most urgent needs and a sectoral
action plan was prepared by the GOR.
On April 22, 1995, violence erupted at Kibeho internally displaced
persons (IDP) camp. The GOR's decision to close the eight remaining
IDP camps followed several months of attempts to peacefully close the
camps through coordinated efforts with the international community,
notably through Operation Retour. According to both the GOR and the
international community, the camps--Kibeho specifically--served as
havens for Interahamwe activity, thereby posing a threat to the GOR
and to the security of the country.
The April 22 violence was the culmination of a series of incidents
that began on April 17, when the Rwandan Patriotic Army (RPA) began
closing the existing IDP camps and surrounded the largest camp,
Kibeho. Sporadic gunfire subsequently broke out in the camp during
the morning of April 18, resulting in the death of 8 to 11 children.
On April 19, the RPA Chief of Staff and the UNAMIR Deputy Force
Commander visited Kibeho to explain to the IDPs that the camp was
being closed. Many IDPs indicated that they were willing to go home,
however the slow registration procedure and the lack of transport
hindered their prompt return. In the meantime, the RPA limited the
deliveries of food, water and general facilities to serve as an added
incentive for the IDPs to return home. The onset of rains on April 20
affected road conditions, further obstructing the IDPs' return to
their homes and contributing to poor sanitary conditions in the camp.
Up until April 22, witnesses report that, in general, there was no
intimidation or violence directed at the IDPs by the RPA, nor
hostility by the IDPs towards the RPA except for isolated incidents.
Hostilities did exist among the IDPs, however. On April 22, the
situation came to a head when a large group of IDPs broke through the
RPA-established cordon near the UNAMIR Zambian battalion's compound.
Fighting broke out between RPA forces and IDPs, and both sides
suffered numerous casualties. Shortly thereafter, another group of
IDPs broke through the cordon and ran out of the camp, reportedly
wielding rifles, machetes, and stones. The RPA responded by firing
into the crowd with automatic rifles and machine guns. In the ensuing
mayhem, many of the camp's 100,000 inhabitants were trampled to death
or suffered injuries from machetes and weapons fire. The estimates of
the death toll from the Kibeho incident vary: the U.N. estimated 2,000
dead, while the GOR reported approximately 300 IDPs dead.
The IDPs who broke out of the camp left by foot for the stadium in
nearby Butare town, where they awaited transport to their home
communes. However, approximately 2,000 IDPs remained holed up in the
Medecins Sans Frontiers (MSF) hospital in Kibeho camp without food,
water or proper sanitation for several days until they agreed to leave
the camp with the assistance of the International Committee for the
Red Cross (ICRC) to return to their homes.
In response to widespread criticism of the RPA's actions, the
President of Rwanda established an International Commission of Inquiry
on April 27 to investigate events leading up to the camps' closures
and the RPA's actions during the incident. Representatives from seven
countries, the U.N., Organization of African Unity (OAU), and Rwanda
participated in the investigation and their report was issued on May
18. The Commission's inquiry examined the international community's
earlier attempts to close the camps in the southwest through Operation
Retour; recognized the security threat posed by the camps' existence;
and focused on the actions of the GOR authorities, RPA forces, and
UNAMIR during the events of April 22.
Based on its investigation, the Commission "recognized the legitimate
interests of the GOR and the international community to close the IDP
camps as quickly as possible, both for reasons of national security
and in order to remove an important obstacle in the country's efforts
to recover from the devastating effects of last year's genocide." The
Commission also concluded that, based on its investigation, the
incident in Kibeho "neither resulted from a planned action by Rwandan
authorities to kill a certain group of people, nor was it an accident
that could not have been prevented." However, "the operation of the
GOR to close the IDP camps was well-planned but [...] failures
occurred in the implementation and ensuing panic. The reactions of
the RPA soldiers to the threat at that stage were disproportionate
and, therefore, violative of international law. The RPA did not
distinguish between hostile and non-hostile targets and indiscriminate
fire by the RPA soldiers occurred. There are credible indications
that individual RPA soldiers committed summary executions."
At the same time, the Commission also recognized the role of the
militias within Kibeho camp as a contributing factor to the April 22
violence. The Commission found that many IDPs suffered injuries from
machetes, stampede, and weapons fire, while noting that "there is
agreement among witnesses that machetes were not used by uniformed
personnel but rather by civilians." During its investigation of
Kibeho camp, the Commission also discovered numerous indications of
the widespread use of machetes and other traditional weapons in acts
of violence and of a number of firearms within the camp population.
"The activities of the [militias within the camp] ranged from verbal
intimidation to physical violence and were instrumental in creating an
atmosphere of panic among the IDPs culminating on April 22."
It is the Commission's recommendation that the international community
should continue to encourage
and assist Rwanda in its efforts to achieve justice, national
reconciliation and reconstruction.
Political/Military Situation
The latest round of violence has caused renewed concern about the
situation inside Rwanda. The international community condemned the
killings in Kibeho and U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for Africa
George Moose voiced USG's concerns over the incident with GOR
officials during his trip to Rwanda in late April. The Governments of
Belgium and the Netherlands announced that they would suspend
bilateral development assistance to the GOR, but continue to support
humanitarian and governance programs.
An international tribunal has been established by the U.N. Security
Council for the prosecution of those individuals deemed guilty of
genocide. On May 19, approximately 20 donor countries met in Kigali
and pledged $6 million--in addition to the $1.8 million already
promised--to the work of the international tribunal. U.S. Assistant
Secretary Shattuck represented the USG at the meeting. U.N. Human
Rights monitors have been deployed to assist the investigation of past
abuses, provide technical assistance to the justice system, and
promote the observance and respect of human rights. BHR/Office of
Transition Initiatives (BHR/OTI) is funding a staff person to work
with the human rights operations.
The numbers of persons detained by the GOR for their alleged
participation in the genocide continues to rise. As of May 18, ICRC
reported that there are between 43,000-44,000 detainees being held in
182 official detention centers throughout Rwanda. This ever-growing
population further exacerbates the already overcrowded prison
conditions that persist throughout the country, resulting in a notably
high incidence of death and illness among the detainees. ICRC, U.N.
Development Program (UNDP), and UNAMIR are working with the GOR to
plan the construction of new sites to accommodate the growing number
of detainees. On May 26, the GOR announced that it will only detain
those who are guilty of the most "notorious" crimes, and where
irrefutable evidence is present, to avoid further overcrowding in the
scarce prison space.
Relief Efforts
The U.N's response to the crisis in Rwanda is coordinated by UNREO,
which was created on April 14, 1994, when the U.N. Department of
Humanitarian Affairs (DHA), UNDP, and other U.N. agencies decided to
coordinate their efforts to provide a comprehensive relief response in
Rwanda. Throughout the crisis, the organization's efforts have been
fundamental in encouraging the coordination of non-governmental
organizations (NGOs) and their activities, as well as in developing
relationships with the GOR to formulate and implement relief in
Rwanda. Approximately 120 NGOs have applied for registration with the
GOR's Ministry of Rehabilitation, 87 of which have been approved.
Over recent weeks, security conditions for NGOs and UNAMIR personnel
working in Rwanda have deteriorated. There have been reports of
violent armed robberies against NGO personnel, both in Kigali and
surrounding areas, by men dressed in military uniform. Attacks have
been accompanied by death threats or threats of rape, although no
casualties have been reported to date. A number of UNAMIR personnel
have been robbed at gunpoint, and oftentimes their vehicles stolen, by
persons dressed in RPA uniforms. Efforts are underway to resolve this
disturbing situation through diplomatic initiatives.
On May 25, 1994, BHR/OFDA deployed a Disaster Assistance Response Team
(DART) to the Rwanda region, with a mandate to coordinate and
facilitate the USG's response to the humanitarian crisis in the field.
On February 15, 1995, the DART closed its operation in Kigali, and
passed the management of the BHR/OFDA portfolio to the USAID/Rwanda
mission in Kigali. Two BHR/OFDA-funded field representatives are
stationed in Kigali to assist the USAID/Rwanda mission. The field
reps have been crucial in providing regular reporting to Washington on
events in Kibeho and subsequent relief needs, and conducting
assessments of BHR/OFDA-funded NGO projects. In addition,
State/Population, Refugees and Migration (State/PRM) fielded a
Ugandan-based refugee coordinator for the Rwanda/Burundi region in
February 1995.
Situation by Region
Rwanda
On April 23, USAID's field representative based in Kigali travelled
with UNREO officials to Butare and the outskirts of Kibeho camp.
Based on their trip, reports indicate that NGOs and U.N. agencies
demonstrated exemplary coordination in their response to the crisis at
Kibeho and its aftermath. UNAMIR and IOM were responsible for
providing returnees transport to their home communes; Action
International Contre La Faim/USA (AICF/USA) and Medecins Du Monde
(MDM) provided emergency medical treatment; CARE distributed food and
water to the IDPs; and Save the Children/UK (SCF/UK) provided
assistance to the multitude of unaccompanied children. Much of the
coordination was conducted through UNREO and the Integrated Operations
Center (IOC). As an emergency response measure to the IDPs' urgent
needs, BHR/OFDA funded grants with Solidarites and Feed The
Children/Europe (FTC/E) to augment food distributions to the returning
IDP population.
As of May 9, all of the IDP camps in Rwanda were officially closed by
the GOR, causing thousands of Rwandans to return to their home
communes. Many of the IDPS were forced to leave the camp without
anything; those that were able to depart with a few belongings lost
them to bandits along the way. Some of the returning IDPs were
reportedly harassed during their return, and received an unwelcoming
reception in the home communes.
Immediate needs of the returning IDP population were identified as
medical assistance and shelter. Many of the IDPs leaving Kibeho camp
suffered from bullet and machete wounds, dehydration, and exhaustion.
Continual rains worsened health conditions, underlying the need for
supplies of plastic sheeting to serve as temporary shelter for the returnees. ICRC provided the sheeting from available stocks inside
Rwanda.
The international relief community has made a concerted effort to
increase the number of expatriate personnel working in the areas of
return, to serve as deterrents to human rights abuses against the
returning IDPs. During crisis' initial phase, efforts were undertaken
to augment the capacity of the Open Relief Centers, established during
Operation Retour, to act as intermediary transit centers for the
returning IDPs.
The gaps in the region's food pipeline in February and March that
threatened Rwanda's security have been alleviated for the next six
months. USAID/BHR/FFP (Food for Peace) authorized the U.N. World Food
Program (WFP) to borrow 40,000 MT of corn from Malawi and Tanzania
drought emergency pipelines in order to meet the urgent Rwanda
regional needs. BHR/FFP also approved the immediate procurement and
expeditious shipment of 88,000 MT of food commodities to begin filling
gaps in the Rwanda/Burundi region beginning in April 1995. BHR/OFDA
approved a grant to WFP for the regional purchase of 4,600 MT of white
maize, and another grant to ICRC for the regional purchase of 4,000 MT
of white maize flour. State/PRM contributed an additional $10 million
to WFP for food assistance for refugees in the Rwanda/Burundi region.
UNHCR reports that since the civil war ended in July 1994,
approximately 600,000 "old-caseload" refugees (primarily Tutsis who
fled Rwanda in 1959-62) and their offspring have returned to Rwanda
from Uganda, Burundi, Zaire and Tanzania. These refugees are bringing
large numbers of cattle into the eastern areas of Rwanda, upsetting
the ecology of the area, and introducing animal diseases which
threaten the region. In addition, the influx of this returnee
population has raised serious property rights issues. The GOR has
begun its resettlement program for the "old caseload" refugees.
Through this program, an estimated 78,000 families are expected to be
allocated an average of 1.5 hectares per family, mostly in northeast
and southeast Rwanda.
Eastern Zaire
--Goma, North Kivu
Security conditions have reportedly improved in the Goma region,
largely attributed to the presence of UNHCR Zairian security forces
deployed to the area since February. The number of blatant acts of
intimidation against the refugee population by the militia, former
political leaders, and ex-Armed Forces of Rwanda (ex-FAR) has
decreased. However, there are reports that weapons are being
delivered to the area and that the ex-FAR is engaging in military
training and recruitment.
UNHCR, in conjunction with the International Organization for
Migration (IOM), organized a voluntary repatriation effort in late
1994 to facilitate the return of refugees to Rwanda. Although the
repatriation of new refugees reached a return rate of 1,000 persons
per day in early February 1995, it has now virtually ceased, largely
due to perceptions of insecurity inside Rwanda and rumors of mass
arrests. The violence at Kibeho further exacerbated this trend.
Meanwhile, old caseload refugees continue to return to Rwanda from
neighboring countries.
Contrary to earlier indications, U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)
volcanologists report that the two volcanoes in the Goma area,
Nyiragongo and Nyamuragira, do not pose any serious immediate threat
to the lives of the refugees or inhabitants of the Goma area. Since
the volcanoes do pose a very real danger to the Goma area in the long-
term, BHR/OFDA continues to closely monitor the situation in
conjunction with the USGS and is funding 16 weeks of training for a
Zairian volcanologist at the Hawaiian Observatory.
The presence of over 700,000 refugees in the Goma area has had a
devastating effect on the environment of Goma and the nearby Virunga
National Park. Zairian authorities are attempting to mitigate further
damage by limiting the days in which refugees can collect wood, but
illegal commerce in wood continues.
--Bukavu/Uvira, South Kivu
There are 28 relatively small refugee camps in the Bukavu area,
accommodating approximately 300,000 Rwandan refugees. The
power/organization structures in the Bukavu camps are similar to those
in Goma, as the camps are controlled by the ex-Rwandan regime
political figures who are backed by militia groups and the ex-FAR.
Reports indicate that the UNHCR Zairian security force in Bukavu has
improved poor security conditions that threatened refugees and relief
workers in late 1994 and early 1995.
The Rwandan refugee population in the Uvira region of South Kivu has
increased rapidly in recent weeks, largely with the arrival of
approximately 23,000 Rwandans who fled to Zaire through Burundi
following the Kibeho incident. Relief agencies in the area are
responding to this population's humanitarian needs, although their
arrival has placed additional strains on available resources for the
South Kivu area.
Burundi
There are some 200,000 Rwandan refugees in northern Burundi, residing
in camps managed by UNHCR. Food distributions are provided by WFP.
Following reports of attacks on March 27 against the Rwandan refugee
population, approximately 50,000 Rwandan refugees fled to the
Tanzanian border seeking asylum and safety. On March 31, the
Government of Tanzania (GOT) officially closed its border to prevent a
massive influx into northern Tanzania. UNHCR and NGOs succeeded in
returning the population to their camps of origin, averting a
potential humanitarian crisis. The Burundi/Tanzania border remains
closed. (See also USAID/BHR/OFDA Burundi situation report.)
Northern Tanzania
UNHCR reports that as of May 17, the Rwandan/Burundian refugee
population in northwest Tanzania exceeded 700,000, of which 608,200
are Rwandan. Before the GOT closed the border on March 31, Burundian
and Rwandan refugees continued to flee from northern Burundi into
camps in Tanzania in significant numbers, rendering camp conditions
unstable and placing additional strains on delivery mechanisms.
The USAID-led assessment team deployed to the Burundi region by USAID
Administrator Atwood traveled to Tanzania from April 22-27 upon
completing its work in Burundi. Based on its assessments of the area,
the team reported that the refugee camps in northwestern Tanzania are
well run and managed by the relief community under the coordination of
UNHCR. Health conditions are satisfactory, and the global mortality
rate is 0.7/10,000/day, with the primary cause of death being malaria
and the most common health problems being lower respiratory infections
and scabies. The nutrition status of the refugee population surpasses
that of the local population, and malnutrition rates are below
Tanzanian national averages. Adequate potable water is, however, a
serious problem for all the refugee camps in western Tanzania. Water
capacity averages around 6-7 liters/person/day--below the minimum
standard for care and maintenance of refugees. NGOs report that water
is available in the area, but it is very difficult and costly to
access. The food situation in the Tanzania camps has, overall, been
adequate, although maintaining the food pipeline is essential and
enhancing logistical infrastructure is critical to meeting the food
needs of refugees in Tanzania and the region.
Security remains a prevalent concern, with ongoing incidents of theft
and murder in the camps. Camp leaders continue to threaten, control,
and intimidate the refugee population, hindering repatriation efforts.
The violence at Kibeho has virtually halted the repatriation of new
caseload refugees from Tanzania to Rwanda. Protection continues to be
a serious challenge, as the Tanzanian police are often accosted when
they attempt to enforce law and order in the camps.
USG Assistance
A disaster was declared in Rwanda in FY 94 on April 28, 1994, by U.S.
Ambassador David Rawson due to the widespread genocide and violence
that broke out following the events of April 6, 1994. On October 7,
1994, Ambassador Rawson issued a disaster declaration for FY95,
confirming the ongoing crisis in the Rwanda region.
In response to the crises in Rwanda, the USG to date (FY94 and FY95)
has provided nearly $582.5 million to U.N. agencies, IOs and NGOs for
relief programs, in addition to deploying 2,000 troops to the region
to assist the humanitarian effort from July to September 1994. Some
of this funding, specifically food aid and refugee assistance, has
also addressed the needs of Burundian refugees and IDPs. (See also
USAID/BHR/OFDA Burundi situation report, March 11, 1995.) Beginning
in late May 1994, the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) began
airlifting emergency relief supplies for U.N. agencies, ICRC, and many
NGOs. State/PRM has allocated nearly $137 million for refugee
assistance programs in the region. Since the beginning of the crisis,
USAID/BHR/FFP has committed over 413,000 MT of food assistance valued
at nearly $251 million to the region. USG humanitarian assistance to
the region has also been provided by USAID/AFR/EA and USAID/BHR/Office
of Transition Initiatives (OTI).
The GOR continues to require funding to strengthen its ministries and
bolster its capacity to govern the country. To date, USAID/Rwanda has
committed $8.7 million from the Development Fund for Africa (DFA)
towards the physical and technical support of GOR ministries,
including improving the capacity of the Ministry of Justice.
Commodities provided by USAID funds, such as vehicles and computers,
are already in use by the GOR.
USG HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO RWANDA:
Total USG Assistance in FY94 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$316,473,047
USG FY95 USG FUNDING TO RWANDA:
BHR/OFDA Assistance
Contribution to UNDHA for personnel
support for UNREO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$247,270
Contribution to ADRA for wells/roads
rehabilitation, food-for-work program, northeast
Rwanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$499,609
Amendment to ADRA grant for Kibuye seeds & tools
distribution and food-for-work program . . . . . . . . . . . . .$286,180
Amendment to AICF/F grant for emergency nutrition
and sanitation programs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$491,214
Amendment to AICF/USA grant for health and water
program, Butare. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$273,878
Contribution to ARC for health, water, and
building rehabilitation in northeast Rwanda. . . . . . . . . . .$755,174
Contribution to DOD for airlift of heavy
equipment to Goma, Zaire . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $79,215
Contribution to IRC for relief and rehabilitation
in Cyangugu and Kibungo. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$999,594
Contribution to ICRC for emergency relief. . . . . . . . . . .$2,708,189
Contribution to CARE for agriculture recovery
project in Butare and Gitarama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1,404,959
Contribution to CARE for food distribution
program in Gitarama Prefecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$285,866
Amendment to CRWRC grant for seeds and tools
project, Kibuye. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $59,848
Contribution to Equilibre to implement a
transport program in southwest Rwanda. . . . . . . . . . . . . .$192,570
Contribution to FTC/Europe for emergency food
assistance in Butare . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $48,737
Contribution to ICRC for regional purchase and
storage of maize flour and logistical support . . . . . . . .$2,034,000
Contribution to IMC for emergency health
intervention in Kibungo, Butare, Nyanza. . . . . . . . . . . . .$886,718
Amendment to IRC grant for camp
administration, southwest Rwanda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$392,891
Contribution to SCF/UK for primary health care
program in Ruhengeri . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$250,499
Contribution to UNICEF for water/sanitation
rehabilitation activities throughout Rwanda. . . . . . . . . .$1,000,000
Amendment to UNREO grant for personnel
support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$320,012
Contribution to UNREO for planning and
coordination efforts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$439,295
Contribution to World Relief International for
primary
health care in Kibogora. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$230,036
Contribution to WFP for regional purchase of
white maize. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1,679,000
Contribution to WVRD for an emergency agricultural
program in Kanazi, Ruhengeri, Gikongoro. . . . . . . . . . . .$1,988,708
Contribution to FTC/E for food distribution to
persons returning home from IDP camps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . $13,856
Contribution to Solidarites for emergency food and
non-food assistance to persons returning home from
IDP camps. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $70,780
Cost of 400 rolls of plastic sheeting. . . . . . . . . . . . . . $87,920
DART administration and OFDA Personnel costs . . . . . . . . . .$503,737
Total OFDA Assistance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $18,229,755
BHR/OTI
Contribution to U.N. Human Rights Program. . . . . . . . . . . .$860,000
Personnel support for BHR/OTI projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . $27,000
Criminal Justice System Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$4,500
Total BHR/OTI Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$891,500
BHR/FFP
10,050 MT to CRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$5,328,900
17,170 MT to ICRC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,694,900
2,140 MT to WVRD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$970,100
Total BHR/FFP Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $16,993,900
Total FY95 (to date) Funding to Rwanda . . . . . . . . . . . $36,115,155
USG FY95 ASSISTANCE TO REGION:
(Note: Given the regional nature of the Rwanda crisis, food
and refugee assistance is targeted to Rwanda and the
surrounding countries--Burundi, Tanzania, Zaire, and
Uganda.)
BHR/FFP Assistance
277,970 MT to WFP. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$149,427,900
Total BHR/FFP Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$149,427,900
State/PRM Assistance
Contribution to IOM to assist conflict
victims. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1,000,000
Contribution to IRC to assist Rwandan and
Burundian refugees in Tanzania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$1,208,557
Contribution to IRC/Zaire. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$718,385
Contribution to UNHCR to assist returnees/conflict
victims from Rwanda/Burundi. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $52,000,000
Contribution to WFP for food for Rwandan/Burundian
refugees in Zaire/Tanzania/Uganda. . . . . . . . . . . . . . $12,000,000
Contribution to IFRC to assist returnees,
refugees, and conflict victims from
Rwanda/Burundi . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $13,500,000
Contribution to UNHCR for the Rwanda/Burundi
Regional Refugee Conference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $50,000
Total State/PRM Assistance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $80,476,942
Total USG FY95 Assistance Benefitting Rwandan
Regional Crisis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$229,904,842
FY94/95 TOTAL FUNDING, RWANDA AND REGION:
Total USG assistance to Rwanda, FY94/95. . . . . . . . . . .$256,163,406
Total USG assistance benefitting Rwandan regional
crisis, FY94/95 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$326,329,638
TOTAL USG HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE TO RWANDA AND
REGION, FY94/95. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .$582,493,044
__________________________________________
Nan Borton
Director
Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance
distributed by
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appeal: listproc@vita.org
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